【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforCleaningMetalsPriortoElectroplating
【原文标准名称】:电镀前金属清洗的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMB322-1999(2009)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1999
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:B08.02
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Biologicalcleaners;Descaling;Electroplatedcoatings;Metalcleaners;Metalliccoatings;Specimenpreparation(general)--electroplating;Surfacedescaling/cleaning
【摘要】:Theperformanceandqualityofelectroplatedarticlesdependuponthesurfacecleanlinessandcondition.Variousmetalsareelectroplatedfordecorativeorengineeringfinishes.Thecommonelectroplatesappliedareusuallycopper,nickel,andchromiumfordecorativeandfunctionaluses.Electroplatedarticlesareusedinmanyindustriessuchasthemarine,automotive,plumbingfixtures,andapplianceindustries.1.1Thisguidedescribestheprocedureforcleaningmetalsurfacestoobtaingoodadhesionofelectrodepositedmetals.Thedegreeofcleanlinessrequiredformetalstobeelectroplatedisgreaterthanformostotherfinishes.Methodsofremovalofheat-treatormillscalearenotincludedinthesemethods,becausetheyarecoveredinpracticesreferringtospecificmetals.Itshouldalsobeunderstoodthatwhiletheseproceduresarebroadlyapplicable,particularsubstratesmayrequirecertainspecificcleaningprocedures.1.2Adequatecleaningrequiresapropercombinationofcleaningprocedures.Thechoiceoftheseproceduresmustbebasedonaknowledgeofthemetalstobecleanedandofthesoilstoberemoved.Becausemostexperienceandknowledgeincleaninghavebeenobtainedbysuppliersofproprietaryprocessesandformulations,thesesourcesshouldbeconsultedbeforesettingupacleaningprocess.1.3Atreatmenttoremovetarnish,lightrust,fingerprints,oroxidesisusuallyprovidedbeforeimmersionofthepieceintheelectroplatingtank.Thistreatmentactivatesthemetalandisusuallyaccomplishedinacidbathswhichalsoservetoneutralizetheresidualalkalinefilmfromalkalinecleaning.Alkalinechelatedderustingandcleaningsolutions,aloneorwithsodiumcyanide,usedasasoakorelectrocleaner,areoftenpreferredbeforeelectroplatingonferrousalloys.1.4Invariablyseveralstagesarenecessarytoprovideadequatecleaning.Thesestagesarediscussedinthreeparts:PartIx2014;Precleaning(useofasolvent,emulsion,oralkalinespray)toremovethebulkofthesoil.PartIIx2014;Intermediate(alkaline)cleaning.PartIIIx2014;Finalelectrocleaning,toremovetracesolidsandespeciallyadherentimpurities.PartIVx2014;Troubleshooting.Often,dependinglargelyontheamountandtypeofsoilontheworkpiecesasreceived,oneormoreofthesestagesmaybeeliminatedormodified.Usually,evenwithlightsoils,itisadvisabletoretainmultistagecleaning,therebyincreasingthelifeandefficiencyofthecleaningsolutions.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.(FormorespecificsafetyprecautionarystatementsseeSections11and16.)
【中国标准分类号】:A29
【国际标准分类号】:25_220_40
【页数】:9P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Fontsforopticalcharacterrecognition;formatforpagereader
【原文标准名称】:光学字符识别用字体.页式阅读器用字符格式
【标准号】:DIN66223-4-1978
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:1978-01
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:公差;布置;定义;信息处理;数据处理;规范(审批);图形显示字符;字符排列;尺寸;信息交流;字体;信息;垂直;字符集;压力;字符识别
【英文主题词】:Characterarrangements;Characterrecognition;Charactersets;Dataprocessing;Definition;Definitions;Dimensions;Graphiccharacters;Information;Informationexchange;Informationprocessing;Layout;Lettering;Pressure;Specification(approval);Tolerances(measurement);Vertical
【摘要】:Fontsforopticalcharacterrecognition,formatforpagereaderZusammenhangmiteinerinVorbereitungbefindlichenInternationalenNorm,sieheErl?uterungen.
【中国标准分类号】:L71
【国际标准分类号】:01_140_10;35_040
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:德语